Hermann stier



(No Model.) 2 sums-sheet 1.

5.. STIER. I MAI-TING APPARATUS.

No. 572,665. A v Patented Dec. 8, 1896.

mus/5355,- A mmzvroze,

' W m A ATTORNEKE' (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet a.

H. STIER MALTING APPARATUS.

No. 572,665. r Patented Dec. 8, 1896.

UNITED ST TES PATENT OFFICE.

HERMANN STIER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ALBERTSCHWILL dz 00., OF SAME PLACE.

MALTING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 572,665, dated December8, 1896 Application filed October 12,1893. Serialll'o. 487,979. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, I-IERMANN STIER, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Malting Apparatus,of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a malting apparatus withdevices for controlling its operation and for the application of air,heat, and moisture, so as to uniformly control the process of malting,whereby a uniform and homogeneous malt is obtained.

Another object of my invention is to make each apparatus self-contained,so that each apparatus is independent of all others, avoiding the use ofcanals hitherto employed in mechanical devices.

Another object of my invention is to provide a. strong and durableapparatus which is not liable to get out of order, and one that iseasilytcontrolled. Various other details of my invention are fully setforth in the description of the accompanying drawings.

Another object of my invention is to provide a process of malting andcooling which shall at all times be under the control of the operator,making not only a more uniform but a better quality of malt.

The various features of my invention are fully set forth in thedescription of the accompanying drawings, making a part of thisspecification, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of myapparatus. Fig. 2 is an end elevation, partly in section, of themoistening end of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of theopposite end. Fig. 4: is a top plan view of the clutch and drum-drivingmechanism. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views of the lubricating-box. Fig. 7is a detail view of the worm-clutch.

1 1 represent abutments; 2, anchoring-rods on which the bed-plate 3 ismounted.

4 represents rollers which journal in the flanges 5 of the bed-plate,upon which the revolving drum 6 journals. There are four of thesejournal-rollers. The drum 6 is provided with angle-iron hoops 7 at thecorners which rest upon the j ournal-rollers.

It is desirable to stop and start the drum readily, and for this purposeI have provided Shaft w is driven by any desired power.

the following mechanism: 10 representsa clutch provided with teeth 11,engaging with teeth 12 of the worm-gear R. 13 represents aleft-handscrew. T represents a lever swiv- .eled inthe groove 13, by means ofwhich 1eve'r the clutch is thrown into gear; but as the power employedto turn a large drum filled with a charge of malt is very great and itis difficult to uncouple by the lever T, I provide a lever S, the innerend of which is provided with a halfnut, which when the lever S isturned down in the position shown in Fig. 1 engages with the left-handthread 13 and the clutch-couplingu is moved automatically,-disengagingthe clutch. WVhen the drum is to be thrown into gear, the lever S israised and disconnected with the thread 13, and then the clutch may bereadily thrown to make the coupling by means of the lever T.

In order to control the temperature and moisture, and hence rapidity andexactness of malting, I have provided the following instrumentalities:The outer drum 6 is pierced with small orifices. The inner drum D islikewise pierced with similar orifices, through which the air escapes inthe cooling and drying process. In order to note the temperature, whichmust be kept very regular, I provide aseries of angle-thermometers H.Eachof said thermometers consists of a glass tube bent to form a rightangle, the inner end of which is journaled on a tube T, which is closedat its other end and projects into the drum 6, forming one end of thethermometer. Said tube is incased by a reticulated metallic casing T,secured to the interior of the head of the drum, which prevents the maltfrom coming in contact with the tube and at the same time allows acirculation of air and gas through the casing, keeping the tube at thesame temperature as the interior of the drum. The bent tube and the tubeT composing the thermometer pass through a stuffing-box secured in thehead of the drum, and a weight depends from the bent tube, whereby thetube is always maintained in an upright position.

In order to provide the proper amount of moisture during the maltingprocess, I provide a sprayer M in the mouth of the pipe L, just belowthe drum 9.

13 represents an air-supply chamber, into which air is forced by anyordinary air-pump or fan, by means of which pipe L is supplied.

G representsa damper for opening and closing pipe L, as the case mayrequire.

The moistened air is driven by the fan from pipe L through the drum 9into the interior drum D, and is forced through the small orifice in theperiphery thereof, through the malt, and escapes through the orifices ofthe exterior drum 6.

d represents a manhole in pipe L.

In the process it is necessary to introduce dry air, but of a certaintemperature, as in summer air colder than the normal temperature isrequired, and in winter air warmer than the normal temperature isrequired. In order to regulate the temperature, therefore, I provide thefollowing instrumentalities:

0 represents a chamber into which air is forced; c, a series of annulardrums set in the pipe N, through the annular spaces of which hot or coldWater or steam is introduced, as occasion may require. Air forced upthrough the annular space between the water-annulus becomes heated orcooled, as the case may be, and enters through stationary drum 9 intothe interior revolving drum D, escaping through the orifices in itsperiphe'ry into the space of the exterior drum, and finally passing outthrough the orifices in the periphery of the same.

8 6 represent induction-pipes for supplying the annular drums in thepipe N, and P represents a discharge-pipe for carrying oif the Water andsteam. In order that the several apparatus may be connected in onesupplypipe system, I provide a valve 0 in the branch leading to pipe P.

G represents a damper for opening and closing the connection of pipe Nwith the drum 9.

In the process of cooling the use of air alone is not at all timesdesirable, as the supply of oxygen may be too great, carrying offvaluable substances from the grain by a too rapid growth. To obviatethis difficulty, I provide cooling-pipes K Q. Q is an ordinary puncturedpipe with a series of orifices through which the water passes on to theoutside of the drum in drops or small streams; but this can only be usedwhen air is being forced in through the pipe N or L with aninternal'pressure int-o drum 6 to prevent the water which drops on theoutside from passing in through the small orifices. Pipe K is provided,therefore, which is stretched along from the drum 6 and is provided witha series of oblong fine slits the lips of which are slightly asunder,causing the water to be converted into fine spray, and hence is sprayedupon the drum 6 as it revolves, the heat of which evaporates the waterrapidly and prevents any great amount from entering the drum. In thisway the drum can be revolved and cooled without the use of cold airbeing forced through the mass of the malt from the inside.

F represents a water-supply pipe spanning the interior of the drum D. Itis furnished with orifices along its periphery, through which water isforced into the interior of drum D for cleansing it. The orifices of theexterior drum 6 may be used for cleansing-Water applied through themafter the malt is removed.

Mode of operation: The steeped grain is taken from the steeping-tubs andintroduced into the larger drum through the manholedrums E. After thedrum is filled and the doors are closed the drum is started to revolve.The grain by this means is distributed equally through the apparatus andthoroughly mixed. As the drum revolves the grain as it falls from thesides of the drum drops onto the inner drum D, and the star or irregularshape of the drum turns the grain over and more thoroughly mixes anddistributes it. Besides, this shape of drum furnishes more surface thana cylindrical drum. It is necessary to keep up the moisture during themalting process, and this is supplied by a draft of air from the chamber13, moistened in the pipe L by the spraying apparatus M. It is forcedinto drum D and passed out through the apertures in the periphery intothe drum 6. The germination of the grain generates a large amount ofheat, and the deleterious gases escape through the orifices of the drum6. If the heat be too great, the water cooling, as hereinbeforeexplained, may be applied by means of the pipes K or Q. Thus the undueheating of the malt and a thorough ventilation of the same are effectedwithout unduly drying the grain, maintaining the proper heat anddampness for forming the diastase.

In order to prevent undue heating of the driving-shaft beams due to theside thrust of the worm-gear, I provide the following mechanism: Urepresents an oil-box which is composed of ring 1', having an annularrecess 2 in the periphery thereof. 25 represents oilholes bored from theside of the rings into the recess .2. j represents a pipe tapping intothe annular recess for supplying oil. The orifices 15 about theworm-gear oil the sides of the same and thence pass on to the shaft andIIO - and6.

I have shown the heating and cooling coil placed in a separate pipe fromthe moistenwhen the air heating and cooling coil is idle,

and in such cases air-spraying devices may be placed in the same pipe asthe air heating and cooling drums. Neither do I wish to limit myself tothe specific kind of apparatus for heating and cooling the air in thesupplypipe, as the result does not depend upon the kind of apparatus,but upon the proper regulation of the supply of air and heat and cold.

In the malting part of the process it is preferred to keep about onehundred per cent. of moisture in the air, and for this purpose I preferto moisten the air as it enters the chamber 13 with the sprayingapparatus operating similar to that shown in the pipe L, therebysecuring the proper amount of moisture in the air. If the air which isforced in is not properly moistened passing through the grain, a dryingof the malt will occur,

or, in other words, the sprouting of the grain will be hindered and theformation of the diastase will be imperfect.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. A malting apparatusconsisting of the outer perforated drum 6 and the inner perforated drumD provided with concave sides, said drums revolving together, fixed,imperforate drums 9 journaled in the ends of the drum D and connectedwith air-supply pipes, means for revolving the perforated drums, andmeans for forcing the air into the inner drum and thence outwardlythrough the periphery of the outer drum, substantially as described.

2. A malting apparatus consisting of the outer perforated drum 6, andthe inner perforated drum D provided with concave sides,

said drums revolving together, fixed, imperforate drums 9 journaled inthe ends of the drum D, air-supply pipes connected with the drums 9,spraying, heating and cooling devices arranged in said pipes, means forrevolving the perforated drums, and means for forcing the air into theinner drum and thence outwardlythrough the periphery of the outer drum,substantially as described.

3. In a malting apparatus, the combination with the perforated revolvingdrum 6, of an interior perforated drum D secured to the heads of drum 6and revolving therewith and ing air into the interior of the inner drum,

thence outwardly through the periphery of the outer drum, and means forapplying a spray of Water to the periphery of the outer drumsimultaneously with the forcing of the air outward therethrough, wherebythe charge is kept at the appropriate moisture and temperature,substantially as described.-

5. In a malting apparatus the combination with the perforated revolvingdrum 6 and the interior drum D secured thereto, of one or more pendulousthermometers H each consisting of a tube bent at a right angle andjournaled in a stuffing-box secured in the head of the drum 6 andprovided with apendulous weight for maintaining the thermome ter-tube inan upright position, and a reticulated casing secured within the drumand incasing the inner end of the thermometer, substantially as shownand described.

6. A malting apparatus comprising an outer perforated drum, an innerperforated drum of irregular shape in cross-section, the two .drumsbeing adapted to revolve together;

means for forcing air into the interior of the inner drum, thenceoutwardly through the periphery of the outer drum, and means forapplying a spray of water to the periphery of the outer drumsimultaneously with the foreing of the air outward therethrough,substantially as described.

7. A malting apparatus comprising an outer perforated drum and an innerperforated drum of irregular shape in cross section, adapting it to turnover and more thoroughly mix and distribute the grain falling thereon,fixed imperforate drums journaled in the ends of said inner drum,air-supply pipes connected with said imperforate drums, spraying,heating and cooling devices combined with said pipes, means forrevolving the two perforated drums, and means for forcing air into theinner drum and thence outwardly through the periphery of the outer drum,substantially as described.

8. In a malting apparatus, the combination with an outer perforated drumand an inner perforated drum, the two adapted to revolve together, of apendulous thermometer con sisting of a tube bent at an angle andjournaled in suitable bearings provided therefor in the head ofthe outerdrum, a pendulous weight for maintaining the thermometer in an uprightposition, and a reticulated casing arranged in the space between the twodrums and incasing the inner end of the thermometer, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a malting apparatus, the combination of an outer perforated drum,and .an inner perforated drum adapted to revolve together, said innerdrum having an irregular or starshaped crosssection, whereby it isadapted With an outer revolving drum,-of a peripherover and thoroughlymixed and distributed, ally-perforated drum arranged within saidsubstantially as described. 10 outer drum and having an irregularexternal In testimony whereof I have hereunto set surface providing aseries of concavities my hand.

5 which are adapted to be brought successively v HERMANN STIER.

into position to receive the grain falling there- Vitnesscs: on from thesides of the outer drum as the T. SIMMONs,

latter revolves, whereby the grain is turned W'ILL WOOD.

